
Kuwait's Polluted Bay (Still from Kuwait Times)
I have heard rumblings lately about the water quality in the Kuwait Bay - and wondering how much (little) has been done to better regulate what goes into the bay since the 2001 fish kill. Most of us can smell the answer to that question. Kuwait's environment is in deep trouble.
In 2001, I conducted my own research into the fish kill problem after being asked to write scripts for a series of documentaries to be aired on KTV2. What I discovered so disgusted me that I vowed never again to put my toes into the water surrounding mainland Kuwait. I still won't - especially after the Mishref sewage accident this year.
When are the authorities going to wake up to the problem? Every summer, I wonder if I am going to wake up, once again, to the smell of rotting fish.
The following are two eco-minded scripts I found dating back to 2001:
"Earth Vision" Documentary,
Director - Noora Bourisely
AIRED KTV2 September, 2001
Long before oil was ever found on the land of Kuwait, proud, hard-working people made their livings from the clean waters at the tip of the Gulf. Oyster beds and sea creatures abound. Pearl divers and fishermen supported their families by harvesting the sea.
Today, Kuwait is facing a monumental catastrophe. Fish and oysters are harder to find. The cleanliness of the waters is doubtful.
Lately, if you were not able to notice the troubled waters by walking outside and smelling rotting fish on the shorelines; you have probably noticed the decline of the population's favorite food at the dinner table.
No matter what cross-section of Kuwait's diverse population you are from, chances are that you have regularly enjoyed good seafood meals here until recently.
Who would have though several years ago that you would ever hear someone in a local restaurant ask, "Where is your fish from?" Several years ago, it would have been impossible to find a front-row parking space at any of Kuwait's fish markets.
Many Kuwaitis and expats alike turn to the sea for their livelihood - most prominently during the summer months. Many people here own boats. As you pass by the marinas these days, you will notice how many boats are in port - and it is not because of bad weather.
We have been hit by a nameless, faceless environmental terrorist.
In 1990, an enemy snuck up on the northern border of Kuwait.
In 2000, a silent enemy emerged in the waters of Kuwait when 'meide' (or mullet in English) began to die mysteriously.
Again this year, the enemy returned to exact a more dramatic and tragic consequence:
Not only were 'meide' dying, but also 'hamoor' (grouper) and other larger species such as sea mammals, a dolphin ad a small whale. The enemy is still lingering on our sea borders. Who is this enemy? Who is to blame? Why is he still here and why has the population seemed to have turned a blind eye towards recent events? Will the enemy return next year or the year after to kill again?
This contamination is unprecedented in the history of Kuwait. It is possibly the environmental catastrophe of the century. When Iraq pumped oil directly into Gulf waters during its brutal occupation, the world condemned the act of eco-terrorism. However, the spills were contained and the following year, the fish returned as normal.
What is happening now in Kuwait is different. The disaster and its impact are continuing and we can not be certain that whatever has killed the fish won't return because the root of the catastrophe has not been found.
Casual attitudes may be the main culprit. People occasionally toss a soda can or plastic bag into the sea. How can one small act be a big deal? Destruction of natural resources begins with complacency. Our relaxed attitudes are now keeping our children away from the beaches and islands of Kuwait. It is keeping 'hamoor' and 'zubeidi' off the menu. We al need to act together to do something now, before it becomes a problem which will take years to reverse.
What are the contributing factors? We are looking at numerous factors, which may contribute to the problem - either singularly, or as a group.
Iraq has been a suspect by its diversion of the natural flow of water through the marshes of Shatt Al Arab.
An oil processing technique called "oil shifting" may be another factor to the fish kill. Until recently, Kuwait had not used this method. This process pushes oil from below ground by the use of water and corrosives. Used water is treated and sent back out to the Gulf. Ground seepage from years of casual dumping - either in personal use of chemicals and used oil, or by companies and car shops - may take some of the blame.
Is toxic waste being dumped in Kuwait? Is the problem possibly from tankers in the Gulf? Microbes are most likely not the main cause of the fish kill because birds that have fed off the dead fish have not been affected.
Raw sewage has been periodically dumped into the water. If you have ever been in a boat close to Kuwait's shores in the summer, you will know that the sewage is there. If you live within close proximity to any of the numerous sewage outlets, you will know that sewage is a problem. Rounding Ras Salmiya on a boat on a hot summer's night will make you wonder why nothing is being done.
Are we swimming in a stew of waste and chemical by-products? Many countries in other parts of the world have long-understood that water is a resource to be cherished.

Marine Pollution (Still from Blushberry)
"Earth Vision" Documentary,
Director - Noora Bourisely
AIRED KTV2 October and November 2001
What is happening with the fish in Kuwait? Is it safe to eat fish yet? What we know is that we still don't know. Explanations still vary. Reports given to the public have been vague and general and lately, almost everyone you speak to has another report - often conflicting with what you've already heard. Most people are still waiting for answers, but nothing is being provided. We may not ever know for sure what killed the fish this year and we won't be able to know if the fish will die again next year, or in the years to come.
Some of the population has started to eat fish again, thinking that it is safe, but is it really? How do we know for sure that it is safe if there have not been any definitive answers to how the fish kill began? If the reason behind the fish kill is not conclusive, then how can the problem are rectified so it won't happen again; what if the cause is infectious and a danger to humans?
In August, we were told not to eat fish for 2 months, then later for 2 years. Is it safe yet? The 2-month time frame has not yet elapsed, and obviously not the 2 year frame. Our love of seafood and the willingness to readily buy it and consume it may be putting us in danger.
The ecology of Kuwait's Bay is fragile. Many people don't take into consideration how gentle this ecology is or how it can be affected by many variables. We have to look at each variable to determine the answers - not just because of this year's fish kill, but to keep it from happening in the future. Once an underwater environment is changed, several things may happen in a domino effect. Plankton will die. Floor-dwelling creatures will die. Small fish will die. Larger fish will die. Human life and activity will be affected. Conservation of our marine ecology must start at the lowest level.
Reduction of oxygen in the bay
Several experts believe that a combination of the high temperature, high salinity (salt content in the water), and low oxygen concentrations in the bay may have been the cause of the fish kill.
What would cause lowered oxygen in the water? A high concentration of inorganic nutrients in Kuwait is most likely to blame. It is likely that the nutrient from sewage, in combination with several nutrients released at the acqua culture site in Kuwait's bay is major sources. The sediment found in Kuwait bay (sienna) might also be an important source of inorganic nutrients if the water conditions are such that the sediment becomes mixed.
Bacteria
While searching for answers to the cause of the mystery, a name has often been coming up: Streptococcus iniae. Quietly, this killer is known to cause "mad fish disease."